Sensitive Teeth and Braces: Causes and Relief Tips

If you’ve just started orthodontic treatment or had an adjustment to your braces, that sharp twinge when you sip your morning tea or coffee isn’t exactly pleasant. Tooth sensitivity, or dentin hypersensitivity as dentists call it, happens when the protective layer of your tooth becomes compromised, exposing the dentine underneath. This layer contains microscopic tubules that lead directly to your tooth’s nerve, which explains why hot or cold foods can suddenly feel like they’re sending alarm bells straight to your brain.

The good news?

Experiencing temporary sensitive teeth when you’re wearing a brace or following an adjustment is completely normal. It’s not a sign that something’s wrong. It’s actually a sign that your treatment is doing its job. So while we can’t wave a magic wand to eliminate the discomfort entirely, we can help you manage it with some tried-and-tested relief tips.

Why braces cause temporary discomfort and sensitivity

Orthodontics works by applying gentle, consistent pressure to gradually shift your teeth into their ideal positions. This necessary pressure affects not just your teeth, but also the surrounding ligaments and bone. As everything adjusts to accommodate the movement, your nerves may react with increased sensitivity. Think of it as your mouth hosting a small renovation project – there’s bound to be some disruption while the work’s underway.

The initial discomfort after fitting your bracket appliances or following a braces adjustment typically presents as mild to moderate pressure or a dull ache. Most people find it peaks around day two, before subsiding within 48 hours to a week. Remember, it’s a temporary inconvenience rather than a long-term concern.

Does Invisalign cause tooth sensitivity?

Yes, Invisalign can hurt. While clear aligners like Invisalign use gentler forces than traditional fixed bracket systems, they still apply pressure to move your teeth. The modern methods we use today are designed to be as comfortable as possible, but some sensitivity with teeth and braces – whether fixed or removable – is par for the course.

If you’re experiencing serious teeth pain from braces, though, it’s worth checking in with your orthodontist. There’s a difference between expected discomfort and something that needs attention.

Addressing underlying dental health issues

Here’s where things get interesting. Tooth sensitivity isn’t always down to your braces. Sometimes, other dental issues are lurking beneath the surface, and orthodontic treatment simply brings them to light.

Enamel erosion and acidic foods

Your enamel is your tooth’s protective shield, but it’s not invincible. Regularly consuming acidic foods and drinks – fizzy drinks, fruit juice, even some sports drinks – can gradually wear it away. Once that shield is compromised, the dentine underneath becomes exposed, leading to sensitivity that your braces might amplify. So take note of what foods to eat and avoid when wearing braces. 

Gum health matters

Receding gums can expose the tooth root, which lacks enamel protection entirely. This recession can result from gum disease or simply brushing too hard with too much enthusiasm. If you’ve been treating your teeth like you’re scrubbing a stubborn pan, it might be time to ease up.

Decay, cracks and grinding

Tooth decay (yes, even tiny cavities) or chipped and cracked teeth expose the inner layers of your teeth, making them vulnerable to sensitivity. Similarly, if you grind your teeth at night – a condition called bruxism – you’re wearing down that precious enamel layer. Interestingly, orthodontics such as bite splints can actually help manage grinding by improving how your bite distributes pressure.

Lifestyle factors

Don’t underestimate the power of staying hydrated. Saliva is your mouth’s natural protector, helping to remineralise enamel and wash away food particles. When you’re dehydrated, you produce less saliva, leaving your teeth more vulnerable. Managing stress is important, too, as it’s often linked to teeth grinding and can impact your overall gum health.

The takeaway? Good oral hygiene and awareness of your dental health can make a real difference to how comfortable you feel during treatment.

Immediate and over-the-counter relief tips

So, how do you stop tooth pain with braces when it strikes? There are some practical, immediate solutions you can try at home.

1. Adjust your diet temporarily

Stick to soft foods and liquids for the first few days after an adjustment. Consider:

• Mashed potatoes
• Scrambled eggs
• Yoghurt
• Smoothies
• Soup (just let it cool a bit first)

Cold foods like ice cream can temporarily numb the affected area and reduce inflammation. Just avoid extremely hot, cold, or sugary foods and drinks that might trigger more sensitivity.

2. Use orthodontic wax

If a wire or bracket is rubbing against your cheek or lip, creating a sore spot, orthodontic wax is your friend, as it creates a smooth barrier that prevents further irritation. Simply roll a small piece into a ball, dry the area with a tissue, and press the wax over the offending bracket or wire. 

3. Try warm salt water rinses

Mix half a teaspoon of salt into a glass of warm water and swish it gently around your mouth for about 30 seconds. This simple remedy helps clean the area and soothe sore gums. You can do this several times a day, especially after meals.

4. Over-the-counter pain relief

For sensitivity relief products that UK residents can easily access, consider:

• Ibuprofen: It reduces both pain and inflammation, making it particularly effective for brace-related discomfort. Do note that NSAIDs (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) carry risks for some people (particularly those with stomach issues), so always follow dosage instructions.
• Paracetamol: It’s a good alternative if ibuprofen isn’t suitable for you.

Always check with a pharmacist if you’re unsure which option is best for your circumstances.

5. Apply topical gels

Benzocaine gels or clove oil can be applied directly to sore spots for localised numbing. You’ll find these at most chemists, and they provide quick (if temporary) relief when you need it most.

Long-term care: Oral hygiene and product selection

While quick fixes help in the moment, long-term comfort comes down to consistent care. Good oral hygiene is absolutely paramount when you’re wearing fixed appliances because trapped food particles dramatically increase your risk of plaque buildup and decay, which only makes sensitivity worse.

Brushing technique

Knowing how to brush your teeth with braces is essential. Use a soft-bristled toothbrush and brush gently using small circular motions. Imagine you’re massaging your teeth rather than scrubbing them. Harsh side-to-side scrubbing does more harm than good, potentially damaging your gums and wearing away enamel.

Make sure you brush:

• After every meal, if possible.
• At least twice daily for two minutes each time.
• Around each bracket carefully.
• Along the gumline.

Don’t skip the floss

Regular floss use is essential for cleaning between teeth and around your appliances. We know it’s fiddly with braces, but it’s worth the effort. Consider using:

• Interdental brushes for larger gaps.
• Water flossers for a gentler approach.
• Special orthodontic floss with a stiff end that threads under wires.

Choose the right toothpaste

Switch to a toothpaste specifically formulated for sensitive teeth. These products contain compounds like:

• Potassium nitrate, which blocks nerve signals that cause sensitivity.
• Stannous fluoride or NovaMin, which creates a protective barrier over dentine tubules.

Bear in mind that sensitive toothpastes won’t work instantly. They need a few days to a few weeks of consistent use to provide lasting relief. Stick with it, brushing with it twice daily for best results.

What to avoid

Steer clear of:

• Abrasive whitening products.
• Harsh mouthwashes containing alcohol.
• Extremely hard-bristled toothbrushes.

These can all worsen sensitivity, rather than help it.

Professional management: When to contact your orthodontist

Most sensitivity is manageable at home, but sometimes you need professional help. Contact your dentist or orthodontist if:

• Pain is severe, sharp, or persistent.
• Sensitivity doesn’t improve after a week of home treatment.
• You notice a loose bracket or poking wire.
• You’re experiencing Invisalign tooth pain that’s preventing you from wearing your aligners.
• You have sensitive gums that orthodontics can’t explain.

These symptoms could signal an underlying dental problem that needs attention. Your orthodontist can provide tooth sensitivity treatment. UK clinics typically offer:

• Professional-strength fluoride varnish or gel applications.
• Dental bonding or fillings to cover exposed tooth roots or repair cavities.
• In cases of severe gum recession, a gum graft procedure.

Above all: Don’t suffer in silence. We’re here to make your treatment as comfortable as possible, and that means addressing issues promptly.

Your path to a comfortable smile

The initial discomfort from tooth sensitivity during orthodontic treatment is temporary and entirely manageable with the right care and over-the-counter relief options. By staying on top of your oral hygiene, using products designed for sensitive teeth, and keeping the lines of communication open with your orthodontist, you’ll find the journey much smoother (and more pain-free) than you might expect.

Remember, every twinge is a sign that your teeth are moving towards that brilliant smile you’re working towards. But if you’re experiencing prolonged or severe tooth pain, don’t hesitate to get in touch with us at Hampstead Orthodontic Practice. We’re here to support you every step of the way.

FAQs: Sensitive teeth and braces

Does Invisalign cause tooth sensitivity?

Yes, it can. While Invisalign uses gentler forces than traditional fixed braces, it still applies pressure to shift your teeth, which can lead to temporary sensitivity. The good news is that any discomfort typically subsides within a few days as your mouth adjusts to each new aligner.

How long does tooth sensitivity last with braces?

Initial sensitivity after fitting braces or following an adjustment typically peaks around day two and subsides within 48 hours to a week. If your sensitivity persists beyond a week or feels severe, it’s worth contacting your orthodontist to rule out any underlying dental issues that might need attention.

What’s the quickest way to stop tooth pain with braces?

For immediate relief, try cold foods like ice cream or smoothies to temporarily numb the area and reduce inflammation. Over-the-counter pain relief (like ibuprofen) can help manage discomfort, and orthodontic wax applied to any poking wires or brackets prevents further irritation. Warm salt water rinses also work wonders for soothing sore gums.

Can I use whitening toothpaste with braces?

It’s best to avoid whitening toothpastes while wearing braces. These products are often abrasive and can worsen tooth sensitivity. Instead, switch to a toothpaste specifically formulated for sensitive teeth containing potassium nitrate or stannous fluoride. Save the whitening treatments for after your braces come off.

Should I be worried about sensitive gums during orthodontic treatment?

Some gum sensitivity is normal during orthodontic treatment, especially in the first few days after an adjustment. But if your gums are persistently sore, bleeding regularly, or showing signs of recession, contact your orthodontist. This could indicate gum disease or that you’re brushing too hard, both of which need professional attention.